Distinguishing brain inflammation from grade II glioma in population without contrast enhancement: a radiomics analysis based on conventional MRI

Highlights: • Clinical and imaging findings of brain inflammation and grade II glioma often overlap. • Radiomics features could differentiate inflammation from glioma non-invasively. • The diagnostic efficiency of radiomics is better than that of radiologists. In populations without contrast enhancement, the imaging features of atypical brain parenchyma inflammations can mimic those of grade II gliomas. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the conventional MR-based radiomics signature in differentiating brain inflammation from grade II glioma.