Laser Cooling of a Solid by 16K Starting from Room Temperature

An Yb3+-doped optical fiber is laser cooled in vacuofrom 298 to 282K. Cooling results from anti-Stokes fluorescence of the ytterbium ions after optical pumping at a wavelength of 1015nm. The sample temperature is deduced from the emission spectrum, which is sensitive to the populations in the excited-state multiplet of the ions. The temperature change is limited by the coupling between the fiber and ambient blackbody radiation, as confirmed when samples suddenly exposed to the pump laser are found to exponentially relax towards thermal steady state with the expected time constants. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society