Upstream gyrophase bunched ions: A mechanism for creation at the bow shock and the growth of velocity space structure through gyrophase mixing

The conditions necessary for the production of gyrophase bunched ions at the bow shock are developed. The conditions are applied to the reflection mechanism presented by Paschmann et al. (1980), showing that when in their model a portion of the incident parallel velocity is converted into reflected perpendicular velocity, the reflected particles are gyrophase bunched. The growth of velocity space structure in the gyrophase bunched distribution through gyrophase mixing is also explored. The structure is found to be similar to the reported in diffuse and dispersed ion events. This together with the close correlation of the observation of gyrophase bunched ions with diffuse and dispersed ions has led us to speculate that these two populations may be closely related