Polarizations and angular distributions in the elastic scattering of pions and protons from polarized protons at Fermilab energies

Measurements of polarizations and angular distributions in the elastic scattering of pions and protons from polarized protons are reported. The data cover the kinematic range 0.2 less than or equal to -t less than or equal to 1.6 GeV2 at incident momenta of 100 GeV for pions and 100 and 300 GeV for protons. The detector was a double-arm spectrometer with multiwire proportional chambers and analysis magnets. These measurements represent the first polarization measurements at Fermilab-SPS energies, and as such provide new constraints on strong interaction phenomenology. Eikonal models are discussed, with particular reference to the absorption model of the Michigan school, and the data presented with model fits. The π polarization data are found to be consistent with the predictions of both this model and of a pure pole Regge model. The π angular distributions are found to be consistent with existing differential cross-section data, and are more precise for -t greater than or equal to 0.8 GeV2. The pp polarization data confirm trends sugested by the Serpukhov data, with the low -t polarization decreasing more rapidly than would be expected in an exchange degenerate pure pole model, and with the polarization becoming negative and increasing in magnitude with increasing -t. The data are consistent with the model predictions at small and intermediate t, and are suggestive of the structure predicted by this and other models in the region of the dip in the 300 GeV differential cross section. The pp angular distributions are again consistent with existing differential cross section data, with the dip observed in the present data at t approx. =-1.5 GeV2