Science and technology in the United-Kingdom. A new wave of energies in the United-Kingdom

The United Kingdom is a leader in the fields of basic research, prototype development and environmental impact studies for marine energies. This report proposes a detailed description of the situation of this sector. After a brief recall of European objectives in terms of emission reduction, of renewable energies and of energy efficiency, this report indicates British objectives as they were defined in the Climate Change Act 2008, and as they are addressed by the Committee for Climate Change (CCC), and indicates the level and distribution of British energy production in 2011 and 2012. Then, it more particularly addresses marine energies: role in the British strategy for renewable energies, present situation and perspectives (public supports and financing mechanisms, specific financing tools for marine energies, existing programmes). The R and D sector is then presented with its programmes, centres, collaboration bodies and their programmes, training programmes, marine energy farms and test platforms. Scotland is presented as a world leader in marine energies for its favourable environment, the way this issue is addressed by the Scottish government and expert groups, and financing tools and research institutions