Measured residual stresses in type 304 stainless steel piping butt weldments

Residual-stress measurements on Type 304 stainless steel Schedule 80 4-, 10-, and 26-in. pipe weldments are presented. Both strain-gauge and x-ray diffraction techniques have been used. The bulk of the measurements have been made on the inner surface, since these stress levels presumably control the initiation of intergranular stress-corrosion cracking. Complete stress profiles have also been obtained through the thickness of the pipe wall, since the throughwall distribution controls the growth of a crack once it has initiated