Hydrogen sulphide detection using near-infrared diode laser and compact dense-pattern multipass cell

Sub-ppmv level detection of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) using a 1.578-$\mu m$ distributed feedback tunable diode laser combining with wavelength modulation spectroscopy and second harmonic detection scheme is reported. A home-developed novel compact dense-pattern multipass gas cell with an effective optical path length of 29.37 m is used to improve sensitivity and reduce sample volume. Detection parameters are optimized, including modulation frequency and amplitude. The analysis of Allan variance shows that a minimum detectable concentration 60 ppbv is obtained with a lock-in time constant of 10 ms, and a detection limit of 13 ppbv can be achieved by average in 300 s. The demonstrated H₂S sensor has a strong penitential application in natural gas process for regulating and controlling H₂S concentration. (paper)