Calculation of spallation yields in the window material of a hybrid system

The production of spallation elements in the window of an accelerator driven system could result in significant hardening and embrittlement. In the case of steels the spallation yields of elements such as P, S, Ti, V and Ca have to be known to assess the metallurgical changes that could occur during the operation time. We have calculated the spallation yields in an iron window after irradiation by a 1 GeV 77 mA/cm2 proton beam. In the calculations, the two different options of intra-nuclear cascades namely the codes of Bertini and Cugnon that are included in the transport codes TIERCE and SPARTE have been used. The results of recent measurements performed at the SATURNE accelerator using a 573 eV/nucleon 56Fe beam and a liquid hydrogen target have been compared to the predictions of the codes. Hydrogen and helium productions have also been evaluated. (author)