Features of individual psychological adaptation and periods of staged hematological syndrome in two patients with severe acute radiation sickness and moderate acute radiation sickness and acute leukemia who suffered from the Chernobyl accident (22 years and 30 years of observation)

Objective. The aim of the work is to assess the psychophysiological adaptation of two patients with severe degree ARS and ARS of moderate severity and acute leukemia affected in the Chernobyl accident according to the characteristics of their individual mental adaptation and stages of the hematological syndrome (22 and 30 years of observation). Materials and Methods. Two patients were examined, former employees of the Chernobyl emergency shift. One of them acted as an engineer (Yu.A.P., 1961), the second - the deputy head of the turbine shop (D.R.I, 1950). They are 04/26/1986 were subjected to acute external relatively uniform gamma-beta irradiation due to the Chernobyl accident. Yu.A.P. he received Acute Radiation Sickness of the III degree of severity, multiple radiation burns of the I – II degree (40%) and the III – IV degree (15%) of the body surface. D.R.I. - ARS II severity and oropharyngeal syndrome I degree. The radiation dose, according to the cytogenetic study, was 4.3 Gy (Yu.A.P.) and 3.4 Gy (D.R.I.). Education in both is higher. Disabled persons of group II were with 100% disability. Married, in families of 1 and 2 children, children were born before the Chernobyl accident, were at the age of 2 and 7-10 years. Yu.A.P. in January 2007 he was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia PH-positive in the acceleration phase. At D.R.I. - in June 2016 AML, transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Despite ongoing therapy, the death of Yu.A.P. came in November 2008, in D.R.I. in March 2017. Psychophysiological examination was conducted in 1999, 2001, 2016, i.e. 13, 15 and 30 years after the Chernobyl accident. Psychophysiological research was carried out using the method of MMPI, Cattell, Raven test, sensorimotor reactions of the automated program-methodical complex ^Expert^, designed to study the personality characteristics of a person, cognitive and intellectual personality traits 22 and 30 years after the radiation accident in dynamics. Results. A clinical and psychophysiological assessment of the personality and the actual mental state made it possible to determine the following two types of impairment of psychophysiological adaptation: the type of asthenic depression and the demonstrative type of impairment of psychophysiological adaptation. Conclusion. Psychophysiological assessment of personality and actual mental state determined individual personality traits in two patients in the form of asthenic depression with depressive-hypochondriac tendencies in one and a demonstrative type of violation of psychophysiological adaptation with pronounced hypochondria and a tendency to anxiety-depressive type of behavior in the other who had ARS, local radiation injuries of severe and extremely severe and acute leukemia after 22 and 30 years after the Chernobyl NPP accident. (author)