Forces on liquid lithium modules in a tokamak blanket due to the pulsed poloidal magnetic field

This paper treats cylindrical modules filled with liquid lithium in the presence of a steady toroidal magnetic field and a time-dependent poloidal field. Solutions for liquid lithium flows and formulas for the forces on the modules are presented for both axial and transverse poloidal fields. Numerical examples are presented for the design in the ORNL/Westinghouse Tokamak Blanket Study. The initial analysis ignores the ends of the modules and treats infinitely long pipes, but the effects of the ends are also treated. Calculations and conclusions based on the solutions for infinitely long pipes are not significantly altered by end effects