Efficient frequency doubler for the soft X-ray SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility

This paper describes an effective frequency doubler scheme for SASE free electron lasers (FEL). It consists of an undulator tuned to the first harmonic, a dispersion section, and a tapered undulator tuned to the second harmonic. The first stage is a conventional soft X-ray SASE FEL. Its gain is controlled in such a way that the maximum energy modulation of the electron beam at the exit is about equal to the local energy spread, but still far away from saturation. When the electron bunch passes through the dispersion section this energy modulation leads to effective compression of the particles. Then the bunched electron beam enters the tapered undulator and produces strong radiation in the process of coherent deceleration. We demonstrate a frequency doubler scheme that can be integrated into the SASE FEL at the TESLA Test Facility at DESY, and will allow to reach 3 nm wavelength with GW-level of output peak power. This would extend the operating range of the FEL into the so-called water window and significantly expand the capabilities of the TTF FEL user facility