Rapid preparation of nano lead sulfate-lead carbon black composite by microwave method as a negative electrode additive for lead-carbon batteries

We first propose and successfully use a simple microwave method to prepare a new nano lead sulfate-lead carbon black (PbSO₄@Pb/C) composite as the lead-carbon batteries negative electrode additives, aiming to extend high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) life of lead-carbon batteries. Carbon black as lead sulfate nucleation centers and nano scale lead sulfate as templates growth mode during discharge process may significantly inhibit irreversible sulfation processes of negative electrode. HRPSoC cycle life (24513) of battery with 3 wt% PbSO₄@Pb/C composite is 8.5 times that of the same amount of original carbon material (2880) additives and 31.2 times for blank battery (785). Hydrogen evolution effect of carbon material is also restrained.