The Bipolar Magnetic Emergence in the Solar Polar Region

Due to projection effect and polarization sensitivity, it is still unknown whether the bipolar magnetic emergence (BME) exists in the solar polar region. In this study, combining the magnetic observations from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager and imaging observations of the 211 Å waveband from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, we try to identify and diagnose the BME. Considering the magnetic evolution and the corresponding intensity variation in the extreme ultraviolet waveband, we find definite events of the BMEs in the solar polar region. In total, we identify more than 300 BMEs in the solar polar region in the whole year from 2010 June to 2011 May. We find that whether on the southern or northern polar region, the leading polarity of the BMEs is almost half-positive and half-negative, and the BMEs' magnetic axes show random distribution in that direction. These results imply the possible existence of local dynamo in the solar polar region.