Paediatrician awareness of radiation dose and inherent risks in chest imaging studies-A questionnaire study

Objective: To assess paediatricians' knowledge regarding radiation exposure of chest imaging. Materials and methods: German paediatricians were surveyed using a questionnaire. Participants were asked to estimate effective dose (ED) of radiographs (CR) and computed tomography (CT). Further questions included dose-saving of paediatric CT-protocols, ALARA principle, and awareness of the link between radiation and cancer development. Length and type of occupation and amount of ordered procedures were evaluated. Results: 137 paediatricians participated with 59% and 39% correctly estimating ED of an adult (0.01-0.1 mSv) and newborn CR (0.01-0.1 mSv), respectively. ED of an adult chest CT (1-10 mSv) was underestimated by 28%, whereas ED of cardiac CT (10-100 mSv) was underestimated by 54%. 35% of participants correctly estimated ED of a chest CT in an infant (10-100 mSv) which was underestimated by 56%. Neither length nor type of occupation showed significant impact on dose estimations. 14% of paediatricians stated that MRI causes radiation, whereas 4% correctly estimated the potential of paediatric CT-protocols. 15% were familiar with the ALARA principle and 26% were aware of a publication concerning radiation and malignancy. Conclusion: Paediatricians demonstrated an increased level of awareness compared to previous surveys. However, estimation of ED of CT remained difficult. Increased information transfer and education seem pressing in the light of increasing radiological examinations.