A State University in TSO Role: Fundamental Contribution to Nuclear Safety and Security Regime in a Small Country through Provision of Commensurate Education, Training and Scientific/Technical Expertize – Experience of Montenegro

Addressing safe and secure utilization of radiation sources in small countries is a specific issue in many senses – given modest (but only seemingly not demanding!) scope of activities/facilities, from one side, and limited resources/capabilities of the state, from the other. Starting from the premise that safety and security must be paramount, thus not compromised by any means at any moment, country's limited resources (institutional, human, financial) should be used in the most meaningful (focussed, efficient and effective) way towards achieving that aim. This is responsible attitude both to its own people well-being and to complying with international obligations and norms in the field. Two categories/principles emerge crucial in this respect: commensurateness and competence. All stakeholders are implied: users, regulators and technical support organizations (TSO). The multi-facet role of a state university in providing TSO services is discussed in light of the above. Education, training and scientific/technical expertise are emphasized, as well as the role of IAEA and European Union support (e.g. through networking, e-learning, equipment and expertise provision, project frameworks, HRD schemes, etc.) in generating adequate capabilities and creating a sustainable system in the country. Some particular experience of Montenegro is outlined. (author)