Differential diagnosis of nephrolithiasis in children

Incidence of urolithiasis in children is increasing, which may be related to the change in eating habits, drinking regime, the use of dietary supplements as well as the possibility of better diagnosis of the disease. A high percentage of children nephrolithiasis is caused by a congenital anomaly of the urinary tract or inborn errors of metabolism; it is resulting in recurrent stone formation. For these reasons, the differential diagnosis of nephrolithiasis in children deserves special attention. (author)