Study of cascade shower fluctuation with a tile/fiber sampling calorimeter

We studied electromagnetic and hadronic longitudinal cascade shower fluctuations created by electron and pion beams with energies of 1, 2, 3, and 4 GeV at KEK. A prototype sampling calorimeter of lead and scintillator sandwich was constructed for future application in a linear collider and used for observing cascade showers. We investigated and formulated the behavior of fluctuations of electro-magnetic and hadron showers using a correlation matrix with which we were able to separate the π0 component in the hadron shower fluctuation. As an application, the relation between shower fluctuations and the energy resolution of the calorimeter has been studied. (author)