Amid proton transfer (APT) and magnetization transfer (MT) MRI contrasts provide complimentary assessment of brain tumors similarly to proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI)

Using MRSI as comparison, we aimed to explore the difference between amide proton transfer (APT) MRI and conventional semi-solid magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) MRI, and to investigate if molecular APT and structural MTR can provide complimentary information in assessing brain tumors. Seventeen brain tumor patients and 17 age- and gender-matched volunteers were included and scanned with anatomical MRI, APT and MT-weighted MRI, and MRSI. Multi-voxel choline (Cho) and N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA) signals were quantified from MRSI and compared with MTR and MTR${}_{asym\left(3.5ppm\right)}$ contrasts averaged from corresponding voxels. Correlations between contrasts were explored voxel-by-voxel by pooling values from all voxels into Pearson's correlation analysis. Differences in correlation coefficients were tested with the Z-test (set at p$<$0.05). APT and MT provide good contrast and quantitative parameters in tumor imaging, as do the metabolite (Cho and NAA) maps. MTR${}_{asym\left(3.5ppm\right)}$ significantly correlated with MTR (R=-0.61, p$<$0.0001), Cho (R=0.568, p$<$0.0001) and NAA (R=-0.619, p$<$0.0001) in tumors, and MTR also significantly correlated with Cho (R=-0.346, p$<$0.0001) and NAA (R=0.624, p$<$0.0001). In healthy volunteers, MTR${}_{asym\left(3.5ppm\right)}$ was non-significantly correlated with MTR (R=-0.049, p=0.239), Cho (R=0.030, p=0.478) and NAA (R=-0.083, p=0.046). Significant correlations were found among MTR with Cho (R=0.199, p$<$0.0001) and NAA (R=0.263, p$<$0.0001) in the group of healthy volunteers with lower correlation R values than those in tumor patients. APT and MT could provide independent and supplementary information for the comprehensive assessment of molecular and structural changes due to brain tumor cancerogenesis. (orig.)