The use of deep learning towards dose optimization in low-dose computed tomography: A scoping review

Highlights: • Less dose may lower patient radiation risk but may impact image quality of CT scans. • Artificial intelligence technologies can improve image quality in low-dose CT scans. • Different deep learning models have been developed to facilitate dose optimisation in low-dose CT. • Radiologists and radiographers should have proper education and knowledge about the techniques used. Low-dose computed tomography tends to produce lower image quality than normal dose computed tomography (CT) although it can help to reduce radiation hazards of CT scanning. Research has shown that Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, especially deep learning can help enhance the image quality of low-dose CT by denoising images. This scoping review aims to create an overview on how AI technologies, especially deep learning, can be used in dose optimisation for low-dose CT.