Hypercharged copper, hypocharged oxygen, and high-temperature superconductivity

Hypocharged oxygen, and not hypercharged Cu+3, is shown to be the generator of high-temperature superconductivity. Models based on Cu+2 ↔ Cu+3 charge-fluctuations (such as t-J models), are ruled out experimentally. Experimental evidence indicates that the holes of the hypocharged oxygen in the charge-reservoir regions contribute primarily to the superconductivity--contrary to most current models of high-temperature superconductivity, which are based on superconductivity originating in the cuprate-planes. The data suggest that a successful theory of high-temperature superconductivity will be BCS-like and will pair holes through the polarization field, perhaps electronic as well as vibrational polarization