Charge state evolution of uranium in electron beam ion trap

The authors present a calculation scheme with significant modifications and improvements for determining the ionization balance and the ion temperature evolution in an electron beam ion trap (EBIT). The scheme is applied to uranium and nitrogen ions using a specific set of EBIT operating parameters. The calculation results are compared to the experimental data. Rates for the individual atomic processes in EBIT, especially single and multiple charge exchange processes, are discussed. The time evolution of the ion temperatures for uranium and its coolant nitrogen are also given. (authors)