Rule of electron-impact ionization for the damage of C, N and O clusters irradiated by XFEL

Single differential and integral cross sections in electron-impact ionization of atoms and ions of C, N and O are calculated with the binary encounter dipole model (Kim Y-K. and Rudd M. E., 1994 Phys. Rev. A, 50 3954) to study electron-energy distribution in the C, N and O clusters irradiated by an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL). The damages to the C, N and O clusters irradiated by XFELs are also investigated with time-dependent rate equations, considering photo-ionization, Compton scattering, Auger decay and electron-impact ionization of the atoms and ions of C, N and O. We found that the electron-impact ionization is important process to estimate the damage of carbon clusters irradiated by XFEL.