Published September 1963
| Version v1
Book
Some Uses of Radioisotopes and Radiations in Entomology
Creators
- 1. Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay (France)
- 2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches sur l'Abeille et les Insectes Sociaux, Bures-Sur-Yvette (France)
Description
The paper reviews the applications of radioisotopes in entomology that have been developed at our two centres during the last few years. Early work (Au198-labelling) related to the bee and more particularly to the radius of dispersion of worker bees from a colony. After investigations on the individual dose received in tagging of this kind, the radioresistance of the bee was determined, the lethal dose being estimated at about 90 kr. Au198 was also used to study exchange of food within a bee-hive. On the other hand, P32 was used for studies of exchange of food, in small hives, between individuals of different functions (males, workers and queens) or different colonies. Similar trophallaxic studies have recently been performed on wasps. Au198 was likewise the basic radioisotope used in work on ant's nests. The most interesting finding from one of the early studies was that exchange of food takes place between nests more than 50 m apart and belonging to different species (Formica rufa and Formica polyctena). A later study, in which an ant run and not the nest itself was labelled, revealed a division of responsibility within the nests the tagged ants were found invariably to explore the same run and to have little contact with other individuals of the same colony. In the same experiment abnormal radioactivity was noted in the ants before labelling, due in particular to (Sr+Nb)95 . This discovery would seem to point to accumulation of radioactive fall-out in ant's nests. At a period of low fall-out, natural radioactivity attributed to K40 was observed and was used for purposes of potassium determination in ants and bees. An attempt was made to label acridians with Ir192 and the findings are described in the paper. Lastly, an autoradiographic study has been made of the distribution of certain radioisotopes (P32 and S35) in the body of the bee. (author)
Abstract (French)
Le memoire passe en revue les applications des radioelements en entomologie qui ont ete mises au point au CEN et a l'INRA durant ces dernieres annees. Les premiers travaux concernerent l'abeille, plus particulierement la dispersion des butineuses en provenance d'une colonie; l'etude a ete realisee par des marquages a 198Au. Suite a ces considerations sur la dose recue par l'individu dans de tels marquages, la radioresistance de l'abeille a ete determinee et la dose letale estimee a 90 kr environ. 198Au a egalement servi a etudier les echanges de nourriture a l'interieur d'une ruche. Par contre, c'est 32P qui fut utilise pour des etudes d'echanges de nourriture a l'interieur de ruchettes entre individus de fonctions (males, ouvrieres, reines) ou de colonies differentes. Des etudes analogues de trophallaxisontrecemment ete faites sur des guepes. 198Au a ete egalement le radioelement de base de travaux sur les fourmilieres. Le resultat le plus interessant d'une premiere etude a ete la decouverte d'echanges de nourriture entre fourmilieres distantes de plus de 50 m et d'especes differentes (Formica rufa et Formica polyctena). Dans une deuxieme etude, par marquage d'un chemin de fourmis et non de la fourmiliere elle-meme, on a mis en evidence une division des responsabilites a l'interieur de la fourmiliere, les fourmis marquees prospectant toujours le meme chemin et n'ayant que peu d'echanges avec les autres individus de la meme colonie. Dans cette meme experience, on a constate avant tout marquage une radioactivite anormale des fourmis, due notamment a 96(Sr + Nb). Cette decouverte aurait tendance a montrer un amassage des retombees radioactives dans les fourmilieres. En periode de faibles retombees, une radioactivite naturelle attribuee au 40K avait ete constatee et avait servi a faire il dosage du potassium dans les fourmis et dans les abeilles. Un essai de marquage d'acridiens a 192Ir a ete fait et les resultats obtenus sont decrits dans le memoire. Enfin, une etude de la repartition de certains radioisotopes (32P, 35S) dans le corps de l'abeille au moyen de la methode autoradiographique a ete effectuee. (author)Abstract (Spanish)
La memoria resena las aplicaciones de los radioelementos en entomologia, ensayadas en los ultimos anos en los dos centros a que pertenecen los autores, Losprimerostrabajossededicaron a la abeja, estudiandose particularmente con marcaciones de 198Au la dispersion de las colectoras provenientes de un enjambre. Tras considerar la dosis recibida por cada individuo como resultado de las marcaciones, se determino la radiorresistencia de la abeja y se calculo que la dosis letal ascendia a unos 90 kr. Tambien se utilizoel 198Au para estudiar el intercambio de alimentos en el interior de una colmena. Ahora bien, para estudiar el intercambio de alimentos dentro de pequenas colmenas entre individuos de funcion (machos, obreras, reinas) o enjambres diferentes se utilizo el 32P. Recientemente se han hecho estudios analogos de trofalaxia sobre las avispas. El 198Au se ha empleado tambien como radioelemento basico para el estudio de hormigueros. El resultado mas interesante del primer estudio efectuado fue el descubrimiento de un intercambio de alimentos entre hormigueros distantes mas de 50 m y correspondientes a especies diferentes (Formica rufa y Formica polyctena). En otro estudio, se marco un camino de hormigas en lugar del hormiguero y se pudo comprobar que en el interior de este existe una division de funciones, pues las hormigas marcadas exploraban siempre el mismo camino y tenian muy escasos contactos con los demas individuas de la colonia. En este mismo experimento, antes de proceder a la marcacion se observo en las hormigas una radiactividad anormal, debida en particular al 95(Sr + Nb). Esto parece demostrar que las precipita ciones radiactivas se acumulan en los hormigueros. En periodo de precipitaciones escasas se habia podido observar una radiactividad natural imputable al 40K, que sirvio para dosificar el potasio en las hormigas y en las abejas. Los autores han ensayado la marcacion de acrididos con 192Ir y describen en la memoria los resultados obtenidos. Se ha hecho tambien un estudio de la distribucion de ciertos radioisotopos ( 32P y 35S) en el cuerpo de la abeja por medio del metodo autorradiografico. (author)Abstract (Russian)
Stat'ya soderkhit obzor metodov primeneniya radioehlementov v ehntomologii, razrabotannykh v nashikh dvukh tsentrakh v techenie poslednikh let. Pervye raboty otnosilis' k pchelam i v osobennosti k dal'nosti poletov pchel-sborshchits iz pchelosem'i. Issledovanie provodilos' s pomoshch'yu mecheniya izotopom Au198. Prodolzheniem rabot po opredeleniyu dozy, poluchennoj osob'yu v protsesse mecheniya, yavilos' opredelenie radiorezistentnosti pchely i letal'noj dozy, lezhashchej v predelakh 90 000 p. Au198 byl takzhe ispol'zovan dlya issledovaniya obmena pishchej vnutri ul'ya. Vmeste s tem,dlya izucheniya obmena pishchej vnutri ul'ev mezhdu rabochimi osobyami (muzhskimi osobyami, rabochimi pchelami, matkami) ili mezhdu razlichnymi royami primenyalsya R92. Nedavno analogichnye issledovaniya trofilaksii byli provedeny na osakh. Au188 byl takzhe osnovnym radioehlementom v rabote s muravejnikami. Naibolee interesnym rezul'tatom pervogo issledovaniya yavilos' otkrytie obmena pishchej mezhdu muravejnikami, otstoyashchimi drug ot druga na rasstoyanii svyshe 50 m, i raznymi vidami murav'ev (Formica rufa i Formica polyctena). V protsesse vtorogo issledovaniya, s pomoshch'yu mecheniya puti dvizheniya murav'ev, a ne samogo muravejnika, bylo vyyavleno raspredelenie obyazannostej vnutri muravejnika. Mechenye murav'i sledovali po odnomu i tomu zhe marshrutu i redko obmenivalis' s drugimi osobyami toj zhe kolonii. V protsesse ehtogo opyta uzhe do mecheniya byla ustanovlena anormal'naya radioaktivnost' murav'ev, obuslovlennaya prezhde vsego nalichiem (Sr + Nb)95. EHto otkrytie govorit o tendentsii k nakopleniyu v muravejnikakh radioaktivnykh veshchestv iz osadkov. V period slabykh osadkov opredelyali estestvennuyu radioaktivnost', svyazannuyu s nalichiem K40, i ee ispol'zovali dlya opredeleniya soderzhaniya kaliya v organizme murav'ev i pchel. Byla predprinyata popytka mecheniya saranchovykh nasekomykh. Privodyatsya poluchennye rezul'taty. Nakonets, bylo provedeno issledovanie raspredeleniya nekotorykh radioizotopov (R32 i S35) v organizme, pchel s pomoshch'yu metoda avtoradiografii. (author)Additional details
Additional titles
- Original title (English)
- Quelques emplois des radioelements et des rayonnements en entomologie; Nekotorye vidy primeneniya radioehlementov i oblucheniya v ehntomologii; Algunas aplicaciones de los radioelementos y de las radiaciones en entomologia
Publishing Information
- Publisher
- IAEA
- Imprint Place
- Vienna (International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA))
- Imprint Title
- Radiation and Radioisotopes Applied to Insects of Agricultural Importance. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Use and Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation in the Control of Plant and Animal Insect Pests
- Imprint Pagination
- 526 p.
- Series
- Proceedings Series
- Journal Page Range
- p. 5-23
- ISSN
- 0074-1884
Conference
- Title
- Symposium on the Use and Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation in the Control of Plant and Animal Insect Pests
- Dates
- 22-26 Apr 1963
- Place
- Athens (Greece)
INIS
- Country of Publication
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 44058761
- Subject category
- S60: APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; S61: RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY;
- Resource subtype / Literary indicator
- Conference
- Descriptors DEI
- ANTS; BEES; BUILDUP; CONTROL; DOSES; EVALUATION; FOOD; GOLD 198; IRIDIUM 192; KRYPTON 90; LABELLING; NESTS; PEST ERADICATION; PHOSPHORUS 32; POTASSIUM 40; RADIOSENSITIVITY; SULFUR 35; WASPS
- Descriptors DEC
- ANIMALS; ARTHROPODS; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; CONTROL; DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; GOLD ISOTOPES; HEAVY NUCLEI; HYMENOPTERA; INSECTS; INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI; INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES; INVERTEBRATES; IRIDIUM ISOTOPES; ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES; ISOTOPES; KRYPTON ISOTOPES; LIGHT NUCLEI; MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; NANOSECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; NUCLEI; ODD-ODD NUCLEI; PEST CONTROL; PHOSPHORUS ISOTOPES; POTASSIUM ISOTOPES; RADIOISOTOPES; SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; SENSITIVITY; SULFUR ISOTOPES; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Optional Information
- Notes
- 7 figs., 1 tab., 10 refs.
- Secondary number(s)
- STI/PUB--74