History of foundation of nuclear forces mesic theory and the discovery of mesons in cosmic rays

History of foundation of nuclear forces mesic theory is discussed in brief. H. Yukawa have assumed that nuclear interaction may be transfered by new hypothetical particles strongly interacting with nucleons. Nuclear forces field quanta had a mass equalling according to Yukawa estimations approximately 200 electron masses. A particle (π-meson) predicted by H. Yukawa was discovered in 1947 by S. Powell and his colleagues in cosmic rays. In 1949 H. Yukawa was awarded a Noble prize for prediction of mesons in theoretical works on nuclear forces