Modelling the marine eutrophication: A review

Highlights: • 291 references on marine eutrophication modelling have been analysed. • 4 batches have been done: estuaries, lagoons, coastal seas, "green tides". • The world hotspots of eutrophication are listed, with their main results. • The evolution of tools, their strengths and weaknesses are described. In the frame of a national, joint scientific appraisal, 45 scientific French-speaking experts have been mandated in 2015–2016 by the French ministries of Environment and Agriculture to perform a global review of scientific literature dealing with the eutrophication phenomenon, in freshwater as well as in marine waters. This paper summarizes the main results of this review restricted to a sub-domain, the modelling approach of the marine eutrophication. After recalling the different aims pursued, an overview is given on the historical time course of this modelling effort, its world distribution and the various tools used. Then, the main results obtained are examined, highlighting the specific strengths and weaknesses of the present models. Needs for future improvement are then listed.