Potential use of nuclear heating plants in Czechoslovak district heating system

The need of centralized heat supply in the CSSR in 1990 is estimated to be 600 PU, in the year 2000 630 PU and the estimate for 2015 is 675 PU. Condensing fossil-fuel plants and nuclear power plants with heat extraction and waste heat sources will only be able to cover part of the demand. Most of it will have to be provided by other sources, such as heating plants firing organic fuels or nuclear heating plants; the amount is estimated to be 500 PU in 1990 and almost 400 PU in 2015. An analysis was made of the need of centralized heat supply in Czechoslovak localities and the sizes were defined of nuclear heating plant outputs depending on the size of the heat plant coefficient and the annual availability of district heating systems. The optimal value was also defined of the output temperature of network water from a nuclear heating plant which should be 100 to 120 degC. The possible inclusion is discussed of nuclear heating plants in the district heating systems. The connection involved may be series, series-parallel or parallel. It is stated that nuclear heating plants can especially be used for district heat supply purposes in localities outside the range of condensing fossil-fuel plants and nuclear power plants with heat extraction where, in view of the problems of fossil fuel availability and of the environmental impact it will not be feasible to build fossil-fuel heat sources or to restore them. (Z.M.). 1 fig., 4 tabs., 2 refs