Estimation of radiation doses in diagnostic and interventional therapeutic radiological procedures

Interventional radiology (IR) is an important imaging modality for early detection and treatment of complex diseases, with advantages such as non-invasiveness, timeliness, reliability, and minimum pain to the patient. However, these procedures result in significant radiation doses to the individuals undergoing imaging and therapeutic procedures as well as to the operators of the procedures. The high radiation doses delivered during IR procedures are associated with higher stochastic risk as well as higher chances of manifestation of deterministic injury to the patients, if a threshold dose to these deterministic effects is exceeded. In the present study, we measured the entrance surface dose (ESD) for various diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures