The effect of temperature on the tribological mechanisms and reactivity of hydrogenated, amorphous diamond-like carbon coatings under oil-lubricated conditions

In this work we present the wear and friction behaviour of boundary-lubricated, hydrogenated, amorphous, diamond-like carbon coatings (a-C:H), in self-mated a-C:H/a-C:H contacts, at three different testing temperatures: 20, 80, 150 deg. C. We present results from Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman analyses relating to the chemical and structural changes in the diamond-like carbon coatings during sliding in the presence of mineral oil, with and without additives. We show, that chemical reactions between the a-C:H coatings and the oil additives take place, which are dependent on the temperature, on the presence of additives and the type of additives used. At high temperatures the extreme pressure additive interacts with the diamond-like carbon surface and forms a tribochemical layer with a four-times lower sulphur/phosphorous ratio than the additive formulation. In the absence of additives, however, graphitisation of the coating occurs under these conditions, which results in high-wear and low-friction behaviour. Another result from this study is that a-C:H coatings can oxidise during room-temperature experiments, suggesting that some interactions and adsorptions are also possible at lower temperatures