Optimisation of grazing-incidence monochromators

The general characteristics of existing grazing-incidence monochromators are described and the present technological limitations discussed. A total system design approach is emphasized whereby the characteristics of a particular synchrotron light source can be optimally matched to an experimental technique. As an exemple FLIPPER II, an ultrahigh vacuum grazing-incidence monochromator for photoemission experiments built at the Max-Plack-Institut Stuttgart for use at DESY, Hamburg is briefly described. (orig.)