Electromagnetic structure of the deuteron

Recent measurements of the deuteron electromagnetic structure functions A, B and T20 extracted from high-energy elastic ed scattering, and the cross sections and asymmetries extracted from high-energy photodisintegration γ+d→n+p, are reviewed and compared with the theory. The theoretical calculations range from nonrelativistic and relativistic models using the traditional meson and baryon degrees of freedom, to effective field theories, to models based on the underlying quark and gluon degrees of freedom of QCD, including nonperturbative quark cluster models and perturbative QCD. We review what has been learned from these experiments, and discuss why elastic ed scattering and photodisintegration seem to require very different theoretical approaches, even though they are closely related experimentally. (author)