Single photon generation and non-locality of perfect W-state

We study the generation of a single photon perfect W-state. An important aspect of this perfect W-state is that it can be used for perfect teleportation and superdense coding, which are not achievable with maximally entangled W-state. Our scheme for generation involves entanglement between various path degrees of freedom of a single photon in a compact and weakly coupled integrated waveguide system, which can be fabricated precisely with a femtosecond laser direct writing technique. These platforms are interferometrically stable, scalable, less sensitive to decoherence and ensure a very low loss factor of 0.1dBcm⁻¹ during photon propagation, and hence are ideal for generation of a perfect W-state. In addition to generation of the single photon perfect W-state, we study its non-local properties using the theory of local elements of reality. (paper)