Acceleration of pulsars by asymmetric radiation. II. Theoretical generalizations and discussions

In this paper we derive the asymmetric emission of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation from pulsars with asymmetrical magnetization and polarization. In particular, rotating stars with asymmetrically displaced magnetic and/or electric dipole moments are found to radiate asymmetrically and therefore experience a reaction force. The nature of asymmetric radiation is investigated further and is shown to be a direct result of the Einstein definition of simultaneity (owing to the finite speed of light)