Structure of palladium-platinum- and ruthenium thin films produced by chemical deposition

Using the methods of electron microscopy, the structure of superthin films of palladium, platinum and ruthenium, chemically deposited on glass ceramics, titanium and nickel, has been studied. It is shown that all the films have a granular structure, and each granule is a conglomerate of primary monocrystal formations. Palladium and ruthenium granules on all substrates have a shape similar to spherical one. The granules differ but slightly as to dimensions