Dust-acoustic solitary waves in a strongly coupled inhomogeneous dusty plasma in the presence of polarization force and effective dust-temperature

The nonlinear propagation of the dust-acoustic waves is studied in a strongly coupled inhomogeneous dusty plasma which consists of the strongly correlated negatively charged dust grains and weakly correlated electrons and ions. The Korteweg-de Vries equation with variable coefficients and an additional term due to the density gradient is deduced, and its solution is found by appropriate transformations. The propagation of two possible modes (fast and slow) and their evolution are investigated. Only the fast rarefactive solitary waves are found to propagate in such plasma with parameter ranges corresponding to the experimental conditions. It is shown that the special patterns of nonlinear DA waves (e.g., amplitude and width) are significantly modified in a way that depends upon the effects of polarization force (which arises due to the interaction between thermal ions and highly negatively charged dust grains), effective dust-temperature (which arises from the electrostatic interactions among highly negatively charged dust and from the dust thermal pressure), equilibrium electron density, and ion temperature. The amplitude of solitary waves also decreases as the wave propagates in the direction of increasing dust concentration.