Prevention of biofilm formation to denture base materials by ZnO-CeO₂ nano composite coatings; as a potential treatment for denture stomatitis

Full text: Denture stomatitis is a pathological inflammatory condition affecting denture bearing oral mucosa. The present study focuses on the antimicrobial potential of the zinc oxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles and their composites. Also, it evaluates the biocompatibility and in-vitro suppression of Candida growth on the denture surface. Nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD, FT-IR and SEM. Hemolysis assay was performed on human red blood cells to analyze biocompatibility. Antimicrobial potential of nanoparticles and their composites against C. albicans (ATCC 90029, CA-239, CA-156) and S. aureus (ATCC 25923, SA-136) was evaluated using agar-well diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and anti-biofilm property was confirmed by crystal violet assay. Nanoparticles coatings were applied on the surface of acrylic and Co-Cr alloy disc by dip coating method and SEM was used to evaluate morphology of biofilm on coated disc. The nanoparticles had no cytotoxic effect while nano composites exhibited slight cytotoxicity. Best antimicrobial inhibition was exhibited by zinc oxide nanoparticles followed by nano-composites and cerium oxide nanoparticles. Nanoparticles exhibited suppression of biofilm formation. Nanoparticles coating has promising antimicrobial properties and can be used for prevention of denture stomatitis. (author)