Stopping of swift ions in compounds

Stopping of light and heavy ions in compounds has been studied on the basis of the binary theory of electronic stopping with the focus on limitations of Bragg's additivity rule. The case of LiF is analysed in detail because departures from Bragg additivity are expected to be particularly pronounced here, especially for penetrating antiprotons. A significant dependence on the atomic number and ionic charge of the projectile is predicted along with the more well-known velocity dependence of departures from Bragg additivity. Such departures are found to be affected by shell correction and Barkas effect in addition to the more well-known dependence on the I-value. Comparisons with experimental results include H2O vapor, CH4, CO2, mylar and polycarbonate