Analysis of the fallout in Sweden from Chernobyl

The detection of the Chernobyl accident and the transport process from Chernobyl to Sweden are described. The fallout mechanisms and resulting fallout pattern are discussed for several types of surfaces and weather conditions. Estimated and measured population doses are given. The fallout composition is discussed as function of time and place and the total activity of 134Cs and 137Cs deposited in Sweden is estimated. The dating of the accident agrees with Soviet reports, but there is some indication of a second criticality. Many of the elements in the fallout are tranported by water and migration through snow and soil is described. Data on the activity in plants and animals and some data on the passage through the food chains to man are given and compared to previous fallout periods. Finally, the protective measures taken after the fallout and some of the future activities initiated by the accident are outlined. This paper reviews studies of fallout from the Chernobyl accident carried out by many different institutions in Sweden. Data published up to January 1987 have been included as well as unpublished data from the authors' own organisations. (orig./RP)