Raising the (316 L) Steel resistance coated by (Ti, TiN) layers using the (PVD) methods in Ringer solution and its uses in the surgical plants

Full text.Steel (316L) was coated with Titanium or Titanium Nitride (Ti, Ti N) ion-plating. The tightness of the coatings was examined electronically. Alloys (which would have the properties to Ti and be relatively inexpensive) would be a very good material for surgical purposes. The Galvanic effects for the galvanic-couples steel-titanium, steel-titanium-coated steel, and steel-titanium-nitride coated steel, were studied. We found that both Ti and Ti N coatings were not porous in ringer's solution. Titanium served in the couple St Ti, it oxidized for another two couples, the coatings were the cathode. the rate of dissolution of steel in these couples was however smaller than expected, owing to a strong polarization of the coating. the potential of the couple was similar to that of steel