Relativistic effects on atomic properties of elements 104, 105 and 106

Correlation of atomic nonrelativistic and relativistic calculations was conducted for groups of transition elements. It is shown that relativistic effects dictate the tendency in change of atomic characteristics when passing from 5d- to 6d-elements. The behaviour of relativistic and nonrelativistic orbitals determines their opposite contribution to chemical bond, leading to different effects. Trans-actinides achieve easily the maximal oxidation degree due to decrease of ionization potential and increase of ionic radii in groups. Oxidation degrees +4, +5 and +6 are the most stable ones for Ku, Ha and Sg respectively. 30 refs.; 4 figs.; 7 tabs