Measurement of elastic modulus and ultrasonic wave velocity by piezoelectric resonator

A piezoelectric ceramic resonator is used for the 'electrical' measurement of elastic properties, i.e. Young's modulus and ultrasonic wave velocity in metallic materials. Piezoelectric response is precisely calculated for the piezoelectric ceramic ring fixed at the end of a metallic rod. The piezoelectric ring serves as both an actuator as well as a sensor. The experimental setup and method of measurement using higher overtones is explained in detail and practically demonstrated for a set of different metallic materials. Young's moduli and ultrasonic wave velocities are measured within 3% relative error. The presented method is suitable for an advanced engineering class or physics laboratory training. (paper)