A Proposed Approach to Optimally Resolve the Acute Electric Power Shortage Problem in Egypt using Nuclear Power Stations

Energy plays a significant role in any nation's development, and securing energy is one of the most important challenges facing any development plan. The future of energy demand and supply is a matter of constant concern and strategic planning in Egypt, especially for investments decisions on new capacities to cover increasing final energy demand and constrained by current and future prospects of the locally available energy reserves. The objective of this thesis is to build up an algorithm to find the optimal mix of generation sources for electricity in Egypt that gives optimized cost and satisfying the load forecasted in a way that the quantity of CO₂ emitted remains within the limit, Where in Egypt we have 6 – sources for electricity: [Gas, Oil, Nuclear (as planed), Wind, Solar , Hydro]. From the emission point of view, only gas ,oil are the sources for CO₂ emission. The proposed algorithms are based on the generation capability limit of each source given by the government for solar, wind, and nuclear as a maximum. Two optimization algorithms are proposed. The first one is built by the conventional way, where the second one is built by the particle swarm technique. The two algorithms are compared with each other against the government model. The simulation results provided a better response on the government model while providing tangible material value.