Consideration on the potential increasing risk of the proliferation of nuclear materials vs. Nonproliferation challenges from nuclear renaissance

Managing Proliferation Risk in the Global Expansion of Nuclear Energy, enhancing the Security and Safety for the management of Nuclear Material (NM) is of high level of importance. It is to be noted that the IAEA has proposed the nuclear fuel cycle center concept for international management aiming at decreasing the Proliferation Risk of NM. The paper will presents some specific Security and Safety aspects need in order to apply and to improve its Nuclear Security Regime (Framework), the State Nuclear Security Risk Management associated with the transport of NM since sabotage or a malicious may happen during transport and potentially can involve the intentional increasing of the proliferation risk of such material. Such actions could result in severe deterministic health effects to population. Some additional or improved measures related to Nuclear Security, efforts to secure nuclear material and other radioactive material there will be also presented. An assessment of vulnerability of possible transport routes will be approached. It is to be noted that this paper considers some results carried out under the IAEA Scientific Research Contract on The State Management of Nuclear Security Regime (Framework), where the author is the CSI (Chief Scientific Investigator). (author)