Blood flow imaging by magnetic resonance - MR angiography: principles and methods

Angiographic magnetic resonance methods are reviewed with emphasis on the diagnosis of vascular diseases. Two basic methods are highlighted, viz., the phase contrast method and the time-of-flight method, and their assets and shortcomings in vascular pathology are discussed. For the time-of-flight method various modifications of the basic measuring sequence contributing to a better quality of the resulting angiographic projections are described, and segmentation of data for three-dimensional imaging is dealt with (the TONE and MOTSA techniques, magnetization transfer). 14 figs., 15 refs