Quasilinear analysis of the zonal flow back-reaction on ion-temperature-gradient mode turbulence

There is strong evidence in favor of zonal flow suppression in the Ion-Temperature-Gradient (ITG) mode turbulence, specifically close to the linear stability threshold. The present Letter attempts to analytically calculate the effects of zonal flow suppression of the ITG turbulence by deriving a modified dispersion relation including the back-reaction of the zonal flows on the ITG turbulence based on the quasilinear theory. The results are manifested in a reduction of the linear growth rate and an increase in the effective linear ITG threshold