Application of functionalized calixarenes to the processing of radioactive effluents by supported liquid membranes
Creators
- Hill, Clement
- Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique - CEA, Direction du Cycle du Combustible, Centre d'Etudes de CADARACHE, Laboratoire d'Effluents Radioactifs, Section d'Etudes et de Traitement des Effluents et des Dechets (France)
- Ecole Europeenne des Hautes Etudes des Industries Chimiques, Strasbourg (France)
Description
In a first part, this research thesis presents the general context of nuclear waste processing (nature of wastes to be processed, characteristics of the used method and products), and proposes an overview of results obtained during previous campaigns which were based on the use of the technique of supported liquid membranes, but with other types of extracting components. The second part focuses on the tracking of complexing and extractive properties of all functionalized calixarenes which had been synthesised by different research teams. Several experiments have been performed to determine the extraction efficiency and selectivity of these organic compounds with respect to the studied radio-elements. The third part reports the detailed study of a specific family of functionalized calixarenes for which two thermodynamic models of membrane transport described in the literature have been applied. Validity limits are discussed with respect to operation conditions. Some results are finally given on the caesium and actinide (neptunium, plutonium) decontamination of synthetic concentrates which simulate actual radioactive wastes
Abstract (French)
Pour diminuer le volume des dechets radioactifs a stocker dans les sites geologiques profonds, ou pour isoler les radioelements toxiques a vie longue des concentrats d'evaporation et des solutions de produits de fission, il convient de definir des moyens de traitements specifiques, bases sur la separation selective par voie aqueuse comme l'extraction liquide-liquide - largement appliquee aux procedes industriels de retraitement du combustible nucleaire use. Une des methodes separatives, rapide, facile et davantage utilisee en laboratoire pour mettre en evidence les proprietes complexantes et extractives de macrocycles synthetiques sophistiques, consiste a exploiter le transport diffusionnel preferentiel a travers une membrane liquide supportee des complexes formes entre un transporteur selectif et les radioelements cibles. Ces travaux de recherche decrivent l'etude des proprietes extractives et ionophoriques d'une cinquantaine de macrocycles, appartenant tous a la famille des calixarenes, vis-a-vis de radioelements tels que le cesium, le neptunium et le plutonium, a partir de solutions aqueuses simples ou complexes simulant les effluents radioactifs reels a traiter. Des selectivites exceptionnelles ont ete obtenues dans le cas de l'extraction du cesium, en presence de sodium et d'acide nitrique, par des calix[4]arenes-mono/biscouronne-6 qui allient les proprietes de complementarite des ethers-couronnes classiques a celle de preorganisation des calixarenes tetrameres, bloques dans une conformation privilegiee (1,3-alternee). Les proprietes ionophoriques de ces calixarenes surpassent de tres loin celles des ethers-couronnes classiques vis-a-vis du cesium, et les facteurs de decontamination et de concentration observes, ainsi que la resistance de ces composes en milieu radiolysant, laissent presager d'une possible application de ces extractants specifiques au traitement des effluents radioactifs du cycle du combustible. (auteur)Files
46094788.pdf
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Additional details
Additional titles
- Original title (French)
- Application des calixarenes fonctionnalises au traitement des effluents radioactifs par membranes liquides supportees
Identifiers
Publishing Information
- Imprint Pagination
- 326 p.
- Report number
- FRCEA-TH--6466
INIS
- Country of Publication
- France
- Country of Input or Organization
- France
- INIS RN
- 46094788
- Subject category
- S12: MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES, AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; S38: RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY; S37: INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY;
- Resource subtype / Literary indicator
- Thesis
- Descriptors DEI
- CALIXARENES; CESIUM; CHELATING AGENTS; DECONTAMINATION; EFFICIENCY; EXTRACTION APPARATUSES; MEMBRANE TRANSPORT; NEPTUNIUM; PLUTONIUM; RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING; RADIOACTIVE WASTES; SENSITIVITY; SOLVENT EXTRACTION; SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANES; THERMODYNAMIC MODEL
- Descriptors DEC
- ACTINIDES; ALKALI METALS; AROMATICS; CLEANING; CONDENSED AROMATICS; ELEMENTS; EQUIPMENT; EXTRACTION; MANAGEMENT; MATERIALS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MEMBRANES; METALS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PARTICLE MODELS; PROCESSING; RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS; RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SEPARATION EQUIPMENT; SEPARATION PROCESSES; STATISTICAL MODELS; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS; WASTE MANAGEMENT; WASTE PROCESSING; WASTES
Optional Information
- Notes
- 108 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the 'INIS contacts' section of the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses: http://www.iaea.org/inis/Contacts/