Detecting the relativistic bispectrum in 21cm intensity maps

We investigate the detectability of leading-order relativistic effects in the bispectrum of future 21cm intensity mapping surveys. The relativistic signal arises from Doppler and other line-of-sight effects in redshift space. In the power spectrum of a single tracer, these effects are suppressed by a factor ℋ²/k². By contrast, in the bispectrum the relativistic signal couples to short-scale modes, leading to an imaginary contribution that scales as ℋ/k, thus increasing the possibility of detection. Previous work has shown that this relativistic signal is detectable in a Stage IV Hα galaxy survey. We show that the signal is also detectable by next-generation 21cm intensity maps, but typically with a lower signal-to-noise, due to foreground and telescope beam effects. (paper)