The effect of 6 hours stirring time on natural iron sand base on magnetics Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle by sonification

In this research, ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) from natural iron sand have been synthesized by co-precipitation technique with varying stirring time and sonification process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 6 hours of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on the resulting crystal size. The different structures and properties of the synthesized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Energy Dispersion X-ray (EDX), respectively. XRD and SEM produced mean crystal sizes over the range of 13.93 nm and particle sizes of 14.8 nm. The EDX test explained that the Fe₃O₄ compound was successfully formed at 6.00 KeV. FTIR showed the element content of Fe-O at 555 cm-1. This study's results indicate the MNPs synthesis process at 6 hours and the sonification process can produce Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with a minimum size at the optimal time compared to synthesis at 8 hours, 7 hours, and 5 hours. (paper)