Application of micro-scale techniques to fuel cell systems design

The application of microscale principles to devices can lead to orders of magnitude increase in area to volume ratios. In fuel cells, where electrochemical reaction, heat and mass transfer are all surface phenomena, the application of microscale principles could lead to significant breakthroughs in power density, efficiency and cost. In this paper we examine the function of fuel cell components that present opportunities for applying microscale design principles. To appreciate the possibilities and state of understanding of microscale phenomena, an overview of the theoretical foundations is presented, followed by a review of microscale fabrication techniques potentially applicable to manufacturing of fuel cell component Examples of progress made in microscale fuel cells and in other relevant applications are presented and a the rational for applying microscale principles to fuel cell design is summarized. Benefits include: increased power density, heat and mass transfer and catalyst utilization; enhanced efficiency; reduced system complexity and opportunities for new fuel cell applications. (author)