Variation of moment-curvature diagrams in square columns of reinforced concrete due to the presence of loads outside the plane

An experimental investigation was developed to determine if has existed a variation in the moment-curvature diagrams, basic input of performance-based methodologies, due to the presence of loads outside the plane. A documentary revision of experimental, analytical and instrumentation methods is contemplated for the determination of the effect of loads outside the plane, the design of a prototype column in agreement with the requirements of current design, the construction and the failure of four columns subjected to different requests of load outside the plane. The test has consisted of a column of 14 cm of cantilevered side to which horizontal load combinations are applied, outside and inside the plane, in the upper part, as well as an axial load by means of a system of post tension with servo control. Four specimens are studied in which the only difference has been the horizontal load applied. An incremental load is applied for the control case in the plane until reaching the structural failure. The remaining tests are developed based on the magnitude of the maximum load, for which a constant load is first applied outside the plane corresponding to a percentage of the control load (30%, 50% and 80%) and then has proceed to apply the incremental load in the plane. The results have showed that for out-of-plane loads greater than 30%, both ultimate curvature and capacity are considerably reduced. In addition, a linear reduction of the ductility of the element is observed as the loads outside the plane increase. An underestimation of capabilities is shown in analytical research. In addition, the software used is shown without consider the effect of off-plane loads. (author)