The effect of deformation and orientation of colliding nuclei on synthesis of superheavy elements

In this paper, we study the evaporation residue cross section for superheavy elements ${}_{295-304}120$ using the phenomenological model taking into account the deformation and orientation effects of the target and the projectile. Calculations are done for the 3n and 4n channels in the reactions ⁵⁴Cr+^{244−248,250}Cm, ⁵⁰V+^245−250Bk, ⁵⁵Mn+^240−244Am, and ⁵⁸Fe+^{240−242,244,246}Pu. To test this model, we compared results of the 3n channel cross section in the reactions ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴³Am, ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁸Cm, ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁹Bk and ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁹Cf and the 4n channel cross section in the reactions ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴³Am, ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁸Cm, and ⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁹Bk with the experimental data. The agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical results based on deformed target and projectile is better than theoretical results for spherical target and projectile. Using this model, we predicted the maximum value and the corresponding energy of the 3n and 4n channel cross sections for spherical and deformed colliding nuclei for synthesizing Z=120. By applying the deformation effect and averaging over orientation, it is found that the maximum value of the 3n channel is 70.14 fb at 26.04 MeV for the reaction ⁵⁴Cr+²⁴⁷Cm, whereas the maximum value of the 4n channel is 0.47 fb at 34.61 MeV for the reaction ⁵⁴Cr+²⁵⁰Cm.